zngmqk57
Joined: 22 Feb 2011
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Location: England
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 Posted: Thu 21:58, 17 Mar 2011 Post subject: Today the monarchy in Britain is politically luxur |
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Today the monarchy in Britain is politically neutral and by convention the role is largely ceremonial.[1] [link widoczny dla zalogowanych] No person may accept significant public office without swearing an oath of allegiance to the Queen.[2]
Constitutional monarchy occurred in continental Europe after the French revolution. Napoleon Bonaparte is considered the first monarch proclaiming himself as an embodiment of the nation, rather than as a divinely-appointed ruler; this interpretation of monarchy is germane to continental constitutional monarchies. G.W.F. Hegel, in his Philosophy of Right (1820), gave it a philosophical justification that concurred with evolving contemporary political theory and the Protestant Christian view of natural law. Hegel's forecast of a constitutional monarch with very limited powers whose function is to embody the national character and provide constitutional continuity in times of emergency was reflected in the development of constitutional monarchies in Europe and Japan.[link widoczny dla zalogowanych] His forecast of the form of government suitable to the modern world may be seen as prophetic: the largely ceremonial offices of president in some modern parliamentary democracies in Europe and e.g. Israel can be perceived as elected or appointed versions of Hegel's constitutional monarch; the Russian and French presidents, with their stronger powers, may also be regarded in Hegelian terms as wielding powers suitable to the embodiment of the national will.
The present concept of constitutional monarchy developed in the United Kingdom,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], where it was the democratically elected parliaments, and their leader, the prime minister, who had become those who exercised power, with the monarchs voluntarily ceding it and contenting themselves with the titular position.[link widoczny dla zalogowanych] In many cases even the monarchs themselves, while still at the very top of the political and social hierarchy, were given the status of "servants of the people" to reflect the new, egalitarian view. In the course of France's July Monarchy, Louis-Philippe I was styled "King of the French" rather than "King of France".
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